The major applications of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) include:
选项：

A:DNA cloning for sequencing, gene cloning and manipulation, gene mutagenesis
B:construction of DNA-based phylogenies, or functional analysis of genes
C:diagnosis and monitoring of hereditary diseases, amplification of ancient DNA
D:analysis of genetic fingerprints for DNA profiling (e.g., in forensic science and parentage testing), detection of pathogens in nucleic acid tests for the diagnosis of infectious diseases