Genes have a specific structure, one component of which is a promoter.

1.RNA polymerase binds to specific sequences in the DNA called__________________,which direct the transcription of adjacent segments of DNA.(课件原话)

2.The repressor protein in the lactose operon prevent RNA polymerase from initiating transcription by physically blockling the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter.选项： A:正确; B:错误

3.Which term could be used to refer to a segment of DNA? 选项： A、cis-regulatory module B、differential gene expression C、gene regulatory protein D、transcription factor

4.Which of the following is not a structural component of a transcription bubble in prokaryotes ( )选项： A:RNA polymerase B:transcription factor C:DNA coding chain D:newly generated RNA chain E:DNA template chain

5. In regulating the expression of the lactose operon, the role of lactose (乳糖) is（）. 选项： A: Combine with RNA polymerase to induce the expression of structural genes B: Combine with RNA polymerase to inhibit the expression of structural genes C: Combine with repressor protein to induce the expression of structural genes D: Combine with repressor protein to inhibit the expression of structural genes

6. In addition to catalyzing reverse transcription, the activity of reverse transcriptase also includes (1 point) 选项： A、 RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity B、 DNA-guided RNA polymerase activity C、 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity D、 RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity E、 None of the above

7.Regulatory
sequences known as enhancers: () 选项： A、Are
needed for transcription by RNA polymerase III but not by RNA polymerase
II B、Encode the snRNA molecules needed for splicing RNA C、May be located upstream or downstream of the promoter D、Are where RNA polymerase first binds when it transcribes a gene E、Consist of short repeated sequences of 6, 8 or 10 bases

8.Which of the following statements about the ρ protein of E. coli is correct? 选项： A:It is an ATPase that is activated by binding to single-stranded DNA.; B:It recognizes sequences in the DNA template strand.; C:It causes RNA polymerase to terminate transcription at -independent terminator.; D:It acts as a RNA–DNA helicase.

9.Many drugs used to treat cancers inhibit DNA replication, whereas some will inhibit the pathways required to synthesize proteins from certain genes. Which one of the following accurately describes a step leading from DNA replication to the synthesis of a protein? 选项： A:Translation of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that is complementary to both strands of the DNA. B:Transcription of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that is complementary to one of the DNA strands. C:tRNA encodes the proteins during translation. D:mRNA encodes the proteins during transcription. E:rRNA encodes the proteins during transcription.

10.Many drugs used to treat cancers inhibit DNA replication, whereas some will inhibit the pathways required to synthesize proteins from certain genes. Which one of the following accurately describes a step leading from DNA replication to the synthesis of a protein? 选项： A:Translation of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that is complementary to both strands of the DNA. B: Transcription of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that isComplementary to one of the DNA strands. C: tRNA encodes the proteins during translation. D:mRNA encodes the proteins during transcription. E: rRNA encodes the proteins during transcription.

11.Many drugs used to treat cancers inhibit DNA replication, whereas some will inhibit the pathways required to synthesize proteins from certain genes. Which one of the following accurately describes a step leading from DNA replication to the synthesis of a protein? 选项： A: tRNA encodes the proteins during translation. B: Transcription of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that is complementary to one of the DNA strands. C: mRNA encodes the proteins during transcription. D: rRNA encodes the proteins during transcription. E: Translation of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that is complementary to both strands of the DNA.

12.单选题】Many drugs used to treat cancers inhibit DNA replication, whereas some will inhibit the pathways required to synthesize proteins from certain genes. Which one of the following accurately describes a step leading from DNA replication to the synthesis of a protein? 选项： A:Translation of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that is complementary to both strands of the DNA B: Transcription of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that isComplementary to one of the DNA strands. C: tRNA encodes the proteins during translation. D:mRNA encodes the proteins during transcription. E: rRNA encodes the proteins during transcription.Complementary to one of the DNA strands.

13.A segment of a DNA molecule that contains the information required for the synthesis of a functional biological product, whether protein or RNA, is referred to as a gene. 选项： A、分裂 B、时间段 C、部分 D、片段

14.Regarding DNA-guided RNA synthesis, which of the following statements is correct: （）选项： A:Only in the presence of DNA can RNA polymerase catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds; B:The RNA strand is synthesized from the 5′→3′ end; C:In most cases, there is only one strand of DNA as a template E. Synthetic RNA strands are never circular; D:During transcription, RNA polymerase requires primers.

15.【单选题】Many drugs used to treat cancers inhibit DNA replication, whereas some will inhibit the pathways required to synthesize proteins from certain genes. Which one of the following accurately describes a step leading from DNA replication to the synthesis of a protein? 选项： A:Translation of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that is complementary to both strands of the DNA. B:Transcription of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that isComplementary to one of the DNA strands. C:TRNA encodes the proteins during translation. D:MRNA encodes the proteins during transcription. E:RRNA encodes the proteins during transcription.

16.Which of the following statements about the σ subunit of RNA polymerase is wrong?选项： A:It enables the enzyme to transcribe asymmetrically.; B:It confers on the core enzyme the ability to initiate transcription at promoters.; C:It decreases the affinity of RNA polymerase for regions of DNA that lack promoter sequences.; D:It facilitates the termination of transcription by recognizing hairpins in the transcript.

17.【单选题】Many drugs used to treat cancers inhibit DNA replication, whereas some will inhibit the pathways required to synthesize proteins from certain genes. Which one of the following accurately describes a step leading from DNA replication to the synthesis of a protein? 选项： A:Translation of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that is complementary to both strands of the DNA. B:Transcription of a gene generates a single-stranded RNA that isComplementary to one of the DNA strands. C:tRNA encodes the proteins during translation. D:mRNA encodes the proteins during transcription. E:rRNA encodes the proteins during transcription.

18.Which of the following descriptions about DNA and RNA polymerase are correct: 选项： A、RNA polymerase synthesize RNA chain using nucleoside diphosphate instead of nucleoside triphosphates. B、RNA polymerase can initiate transcription without a primer, and nucleotides are added to 5’ end of the growing RNA chain. C、RNA polymerase can add nucleotides in both 3’ or 5’ end of RNA chain. D、Both RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to 3’ end of the polynucleotides.

19.【单选题】Certain drugs can be used as antibiotics because they affect bacterial RNA polymerases but not eukaryotic RNA polymerases. RNA polymerase is a key enzyme in the process of transcription, which can be best described by which one of the following? 选项： A:The single-stranded RNA produced is identical to one of the strands ofDouble-stranded DNA. B:he single-stranded RNA produced is identical to both of the strands ofdouble-stranded DNA. C:Eukaryotic genes are transcribed in the cytosol by three different RNAPolymerases. D:RNA polymerase cannot initiate new strand synthesis and must have aP.rimer. E:Eukaryotic genes are transcribed in the nucleus by three different DNAPolymerases.

20.Gene is a kind of genetic information, which controls the character and phenotype of the organism. So the essence of the gene is ().选项： A:DNA; B:RNA; C:Chromosome; D:Protein

21.In bacteria, repressors bind to the Operator, coding sequences on the DNA strand that are close to or overlapping the promoter region, impeding RNA polymerase's progress along the strand, thus impeding the expression of the gene, while __________ enhance the interaction between RNA polymerase and a particular promoter, encouraging the expression of the gene.